The average lead-acid car battery has a lifespan of about three to five years. That means, at some point in your car’s life, you’ll likely be replacing the battery.
A battery replacement can feel like a go-through-the-motions kind of task that doesn’t require a lot of forethought or planning. While it’s certainly fine to take your car into the shop and ask for the same battery you’ve always had, there are several factors you should consider to ensure you’re getting the best performance and longevity out of your new battery — and your vehicle.
This blog post will help you understand the different types of vehicle batteries and make an informed choice based on your vehicle's needs.
Battery Types and Why They Matter
Not all batteries are created equal — and the battery your car was born with may not be the optimal power source. By knowing the pros and cons of each battery type, you can make an informed decision that ensures the best performance for your car.
There are three main types of automotive batteries: Conventional lead-acid, AGM and lithium-ion. We’ll also touch briefly on EFB batteries as a happy medium between FLAs and AGM.
Flooded Lead-Acid (FLA): The Old Standby
FLAs have been the standard in gas-powered vehicles since the starter motor was invented in the early 20th century. They’re inexpensive and easily accessible, making them a popular choice for most everyday vehicles.
FLAs are made up of lead plates surrounded by a liquid electrolyte solution. They’re well-suited for cars that don’t have an excessive amount of power-hungry electronics. However, they require more maintenance than other options, including occasional topping off the water levels and cleaning if corrosion is detected. FLAs may also be more prone to sulfation, which can shorten their lifespan if not properly cared for.
Absorbent Glass Mat (AGM): Power and Durability
AGMs are lead-acid batteries designed for power and durability. Instead of liquid electrolyte, the lead plates in AGM batteries are surrounded by a fiberglass material that absorbs and suspends the sulfuric acid solution. AGMs are maintenance-free and sealed, meaning they’re non-spillable and can be mounted in any position.
AGMs are built to handle more demanding electrical loads, making them ideal for performance vehicles and those with high electrical loads. While they tend to be more expensive than FLAs, their longer lifespan and ability to withstand deep cycling often justify the cost for many drivers.
Enhanced Flooded Battery (EFB): The Happy Medium
EFBs sit squarely in the middle of FLAs and AGMs, balancing affordability and performance. EFBs provide better durability and charge acceptance than FLAs, making them a great option for drivers looking for enhanced performance without the higher cost of an AGM. While they’re still more affordable than AGM batteries, EFBs offer longer life and better efficiency, especially for vehicles that frequently stop and start in city traffic.
Lithium-Ion (Li-Ion): The Electric Choice
Li-Ion batteries are the standard for electric vehicles. With EVs and hybrid vehicles gaining in popularity, efficient, lightweight Li-ion batteries are in high demand. These batteries have a much higher energy density than lead-acid and AGM batteries and are ideal for high-performance vehicles or those looking to reduce weight for fuel efficiency.
They are significantly more expensive than lead-acid options but can last much longer. While they’re a solid choice for EVs and hybrids, the design and charging systems of most standard gas-powered cars are still better suited to lead batteries.
Factors to Consider When Choosing a Battery
The right battery for your vehicle comes down to a number of factors, including size, cost and power needs. Here’s a quick guide on selecting the best battery for your vehicle.
Battery Size
Since 1924, the Battery Council International (BCI) has classified batteries into numbered group sizes according to their voltage, maximum overall dimensions, terminal arrangement and special features that may affect battery fit. Matching the group size on a replacement battery to your vehicle's needs ensures a snug physical fit and the right power requirements for your car.
It’s important to consult your vehicle’s manual or check the current battery for the correct group size, as a battery that’s too large or too small may cause issues and potentially even damage your vehicle's electrical system. Group size also ensures the terminals are in the correct position for the best possible connection.
Vehicle Type
A standard commuter car or older model with few electronics on board will likely do fine with an FLA battery. If you drive a newer vehicle loaded with things like park assist and start/stop technology, an AGM or EFB may be a better fit.
Climate
Where you drive matters. In colder climates, batteries need higher cold-cranking amps (CCA) to ensure reliable starts. AGM and Li-Ion batteries often outperform FLAs in extreme temperatures, offering better resilience in both freezing cold and high-heat conditions.
Usage
The way you use your vehicle also impacts battery choice. If you mostly drive short distances with frequent stops and starts, a battery that can handle deep cycling —like an AGM or EFB— may be best. Long-distance drivers or those in less demanding environments might find an FLA sufficient.
Battery Types At a Glance
| Battery Type | Key Features | Advantages | Disadvantages | Best Use |
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| FLA |
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| AGM |
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| EFB |
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| Li-Ion |
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